第58屆Intel ISEF中國參賽項(xiàng)目：日本醫(yī)蛭Hirudo nipponia趨食性行為及植物驅(qū)避
湖南省婁底市一中 高三 謝立言
學(xué)科：動(dòng)物學(xué)
日本醫(yī)蛭是水田中叮咬人和家畜、吸食血液、傳播疾病的一種無脊椎動(dòng)物，屬環(huán)節(jié)動(dòng)物門。通過研究它的趨食性行為，并在此基礎(chǔ)上篩選有驅(qū)避作用的植物，為制作經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)用的植物源驅(qū)避劑打下基礎(chǔ)，這是本論文的中心內(nèi)容。通過室內(nèi)飼養(yǎng)與實(shí)驗(yàn)測定發(fā)現(xiàn)，引起日本醫(yī)蛭尋覓寄主并向之運(yùn)動(dòng)的因素，有水波、體溫（溫源）、血液，排除了水響招引日本醫(yī)蛭覓食的說法。從當(dāng)?shù)刂参镔Y源中篩選出茶枯餅、大蒜、辣蓼草、煙葉、煙桿等制作植物浸泡液，經(jīng)過測定日本醫(yī)蛭對(duì)這些植物浸泡液的驅(qū)避反應(yīng)時(shí)間，分析比較各個(gè)植物及它們之間驅(qū)避率變化，證明茶枯餅、煙葉和煙桿為阻斷日本醫(yī)蛭叮咬人和家畜的理想資源，兼具驅(qū)避效果好、經(jīng)濟(jì)、綠色環(huán)保等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
Trophotaxis Behaviors of Hirudo nipponia and their Use in Selecting Vegetal Repellents
Animal Sciences
Xie liyan 17, The First Senior Middle School of Loudi
The Japanese leech Hirudo nipponia is an invertebrate species living in paddyfields; its development and reproduction depend no biting human and domestic animals and sucking their blood, and it is thus responsible for the spreading of many human and animal diseases. The study focused on its behavior ecology; trophotaxis reactions to different plant macerating solutions were observed so that to find out the best repellent against Hirudo nipponi. The study also found that water wave, animal body temperature and blood smell exhibited obvious attraction to Hirudo nipponia, but sound itself did not. For different plant macerating solutions, Camellia oleifera, Allium satioum. Polygonum flaccidum, and Nicotiana tabacum (leaf and stalk) were selected and tested. Camellia oleifera and Nicotiana tabacum (leaf and stalk) were proved to be best candidates as repellents against Hirudo nipponia. They are economical, practical and environment friendly.
